Mughal architecture
Mughal architecture,
Babar:Mughal architecture
Terrace gardens are known for their architectural significance.Modeled on the Persian Chahar Bagh type, the geometry is divided into four layers.Waterways as linear dividers, an innovative Mughal addition.Babur was initially buried at Agra .In 1644, his tomb was moved to one of his favourite gardens in Kabul, now known as Babur’s Gardens.Gardens in India Today:Contributions include Aram Bagh in Agra, Lotus Garden in Dholpur and other structures.Babur’s mosques were influenced by the earlier Timurid mosques.The elements include a tall central entrance (bishtak), a courtyard, and a prayer hall.The central dome, which includes the prayer hall, is surrounded by lateral aisles with smaller domes.Example: Mosque in Panipat
Akbar:Mughal architecture
Humayun’s Tomb:
- It was built by Empress Bega Begum in 1569-70 for Mughal Emperor Humayun.Designed by Persian architects Mirak Mirza Ghiyas and Saeed Muhammad.Located in Delhi , India.
Fatehpur Sikri:
- Akbar’s capital was close to Agra .Construction began in 1569, and was completed in 1574.It aims to achieve social, political and religious integration.Religious buildings include Jama Masjid and Salim Chisti’s mausoleum .The Buland Darwaza was built in 1576 to commemorate Akbar’s victory.
- Haramsara: Royal Serakleo with separate divisions for royal ladies.
- Jodha Bai Palace: The largest palace, with Hindu sculptures.
Salim Chisti’s Tomb:
It was built in 1580-1581 in tribute to the Sufi saint Salim Chisti.Akbar built it in honour of the Sufi saint who predicted the birth of his son.Square marble room with.Tomb with an exquisitely designed lattice screen.
Agra Fort:
A UNESCO World Heritage Site in Agra, Uttar Pradesh.Mainly built by Akbar from 1565 to 1574.Rajput exhibits a combination of planning and construction.Notable structures: Jahangiri Mahal, Moti Masjid, Mena Bazaar.
Jahangir:Mughal architecture
Begum Shahi Mosque:
An early 17th-century mosque in the walled city of Lahore, Pakistan.It was built between 1611 and 1614 during the reign of Jahangir by his mother Mariam-uz-Zamani.Lahore MughalElegant fresco décor with geometric and floral patterns in
Tomb of Itimaad-ud-Daula:
The mausoleum, located in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, will be known as “Bacha Taj”.Described as a “jewel box” and is considered a drawing of the Taj Mahal. Reflects intricate architectural and decorative
Shah Jahan:
Architectural style:
Departure from the grand monuments, emphasizingNotable structures include the Taj Mahal, Moti Masjid, Jama Masjid, and Red Fort.Subtle details and well-balanced proportions characterize his architectural approach.
Taj Mahal:
It was built between 1632 and 1653 in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal.Construction involving 22 years, 22,000 labourers and 1,000 elephants at a cost of 32 million rupees.White marble structure with symmetrical design including a large dome and final.The charcoal of the birch, the work studded with jewellery, the jolly work used for decoration.
Wazir Khan Mosque:
Appointed by Shah Jahan in 1634, completed in 1642.Intricate Faience is known for its tile work (kashi-kari) and Mughal period paintings.It has undergone extensive restructuring since 2009 by the Aga Khan Foundation for Culture and the Punjab government.
Shalimar Gardens:
The Mughal Garden Complex in Lahore, started in 1641 and completed in 1642.It marks the culmination of the art of the Mughal Empire .Inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981.
Shahjahan Mosque (Thatta):
The Central Mosque of Sindhu Dada appointed by Shah Jahan.Central Asian was influenced by TimuridIntricate tile work and unique geometric brickwork are characteristic of the mosque.
Shahi Hammam:
Persian-style bath built in Lahore in 1635 during the reign of Shah Jahan.Wazir Khan was built by the chief physician Lam-ud-din Ansari (Wazir Khan) to serve as a waqf for the mosque.The central room is decorated with paintings revealing a blend of Persian and Mughal architectural elements.
Aurangzeb:Mughal architecture
Badshahi Mosque:
Appointed by Aurangzeb, the sixth Mughal Emperor .Built between 1673 and 1674, it is the largest Mughal mosque.The last imperial mosques to be built.An architectural project similar to Shah Jahan’s Jama Masjid in Delhi, but huge.The courtyard is spread over 276,000 square feet and can accommodate up to 100,000 worshippers.The minarets are 196 feet (60 m) tall.There was damage during the reign of Maharaja Ranjit Singh.It was added to the tentative list for a UNESCO World Heritage Site by the Pakistan government in
Bibi Ka Maqbara:
Tomb built by Aurangzeb in Aurangabad,It was built in the late 17th century as a tribute to his first wife, Dilraz Bano Begum.Some accounts suggest a later care of Aurangzeb’s son, Azam Shah .A replica of the Taj Mahal was designed by Ata-Ullah, son of Ahmed Lahori, the principal designer of the Taj Mahal .
Late Mughal Period:
Lalbagh Fort in Dhaka, Bangladesh was started by Azam Shah in 1678 during the reign of Aurangzeb.The Sunehri Mosque in Lahore, Pakistan, was built in 1753 during the decline years of the Mughal Empire under Muhammad Shah.Safdar Jung’s tomb , completed in 1754, is one of the last examples of Mughal architecture.
Mughal Gardens:
The Mughal gardens, influenced by Persian gardens, follow the Char Bagh The layout quadrilateral refers to the four gardens of paradise from the Quran.It is intended to represent an earthly utopia in perfect harmony between humans and nature.Features include ponds, fountains, canals, and linear structure within wall coverings.Bagh-e-Babur (Kabul), Mehtab Bagh (Taj Mahal), Shalimar Gardens (Lahore), Wah Gardens (Wa), Khusro Bagh (Prayagraj) and Pinjore Gardens (Haryana) are examples.Six Mughal gardens in Jammu and Kashmir are on the tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Bridges:
The Shahi Bridge in Jaunpur was built during the reign of Akbar.Completed by Munim Khan in 1568-69 and designed by Afghan architect Afzal Ali.It reflects Mughal architectural contributions to infrastructure during Akbar’s
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