Arrival of the British in India

Arrival of the British East India Company:

The success of Portuguese traders in India prompted the English merchants to establish the East India Company in
On December 31, 1600, Queen Elizabeth I granted the company a charter which allowed it to trade primarily with the East for the next 15 years.
Vasco da Gama arrived in Calicut in 1498, marking the Portuguese discovery of a sea route to India.
In 1608, Captain William Hawkins became the first Englishman to come to India in search of trade concessions .
The English established their first factory at Masulipatnam on the Bay of Bengal coast in 1611.
In 1613, Captain William Hawkins sought permission from Mughal Emperor Jahangir to establish a factory at Surat. Emperor Jahangir initially refused, but eventually allowed the company to build a factory at Surat in
Sir Thomas Roe’s expedition in 1615 gained authorization to set up factories throughout the Mughal Empire, authorizing the Company to trade throughout the Mughal Empire.
Factories were established in Surat (1619), Bombay (1668) and Calcutta (1690).
The company traded in coffee and Persian horses while exporting cotton, silk, and saltpeter.

In 1614, Captain Nicholas defeated the Portuguese. Due to this, the English gained prestige in the Mughal court.
As a result, in 1615 AD, Sir Thomas Roe came to the Mughal court as an ambassador to King James of England and established factories to trade in different parts of India.
So, in 1619 CE, the English established their factories in Agra, Ahmedabad, Baroda, and Broach.
In 1639 CE, an English merchant named Francis Day captured Madras from the Raja of Chandragiri and built a small fort called ‘Fort St. George‘ around their factory.
She married King Charles II of England and captured the island of Bombay. In 1668, the English East India Company bought the island of Bombay on a lease of 10 pounds per year.
1668 CE and Bombay became the company’s headquarters on the west coast.
In 1690 AD, a trading post was established at Sudanudi by Job Charnock. Later, in 1700 it was called Fort William. Later it grew into the city of Calcutta.
In 1691, the company was given full right to trade from Bengal without paying customs duty.
Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar confirmed and extended the powers of the company, including the authority to issue coins in Bombay in 1717.
The British East India Company became a political power after the Battle of Plassey in 1757 and the Battle of Buxar in

The English East India Company was a private company, allowing for faster decision-making and greater freedom than the state-controlled French company.
The superiority of the British navy prevented important sea routes for the French, and the British captured major cities such as Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras, while the French controlled only Pondicherry. The British prioritized commercial interests and had more financial resources than the French.
Superior British Generals: The British had able leaders such as Eyre Coote, Stringer Lawrence and Robert Clive, while the French had no such leadership.
The success of Vandiwash cemented British power in India, opening the way for future expansion and colonial rule.
During the Third Carnatic War, natives served in both armies, revealing the complexity of Indian colonial wars.
The conflict was a pivotal moment in the struggle for control in India, resulting in British rule in the region.