Sayyid Dynasty

Sayyid Dynasty (1414-1451 AD): 

                                 Sayyid Dynasty succeeded the Tughlaq Dynasty as the fourth ruling family of the Delhi Sultanate, reigning from 1414 to 1451 for a total of 37 years.Khizir Khan, who served as the governor of Multan and represented Timur in India, established the Sayyid Dynasty.The Sayyid Dynasty traced its lineage to a dynasty identifying itself as Sayyid or descended from Prophet Muhammad.The dynasty came to power during a period of significant unrest in Delhi and its surrounding regions.Khizr Khan, having been the governor of Multan under Firuz Shah Tughlaq, laid the foundation for the Sayyid Dynasty.Mubarak Shah’s death marked the beginning of the decline of the Dynasty.Bahlol Lodhi succeeded weak rulers like Muhammad Shah and Alauddin Alam Shah, eventually leading to the end of the Dynasty’s rule.The Sayyid family claimed descent from Prophet Muhammad through their daughter Fatima and son-in-law Ali.

Sayyid Dynasty Rulers:

Khizr Khan (1414-1421):

• Founder of the dynasty (A.D. 1414-1421).
• He ruled after the invasion of Timur and the fall of the Tughlaq 
• It restored order in Delhi after a period of chaos and rebellion.
• He suppressed the rebellions and expanded the territory of the Sultanate.
• Gujarat captured Bayana and
• The tributary established a relationship with Sirhind.
• He died in 1421, and was succeeded by his son Mubarak Khan.

Mubarak Shah (1421-1434):

• Second ruler of the  dynasty (A.D. 1421-1434).
• Restored order through expeditions against Bathinda and Doab insurgency.
• Muizz-ud-din claimed the title of Mubarak Shah, and minted coins in his name.
• He defeated Jasrat Khokhar, a powerful threat to his regime, recapturing the territory.
• He founded the city of Mubarakabad on the banks of river Yamuna.
• He was assassinated by conspiracies in 1434 D.

Muhammad Shah (1434-1445):

• Since Mubarak Shah had no sons,  he accepted Muhammad Shah as his successor.
• Wazir Sarwar-ul-Mulk made a coup attempt, but failed and was executed.
• He faced an invasion from Malwa but repulsed it with the help of Bahlul Lodhi.
• He signed a treaty with the Sultan of Malwa.
• His son Ala-ud-din appointed Alam Shah as his successor.

Alauddin Alam Shah (1445-1451):

• The last ruler of the dynasty.
• Weak and disinterested in management.
• He preferred to take a voluntary retirement in Patuan rather than rule in Delhi .
• The loss of central power led to the power of Bahlol Lodi.
• He was deposed by Bahlul Lodi in 1451, marking the end of the dynasty .

More information of Delhi sultans